Energy balance in Stuttgart

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Question

What are the amounts of energy produced, consumed, imported, and exported in Stuttgart?

Answer

A model run with default values

Rationale

There are several energy transformations that each describe a specific process of energy production or use. Per unit activity, there is a constant amount of different inputs and outputs into and from this process, respectively. These unit processes are used for Stuttgart in such a way that one critical input or output from each relevant energy transformation is listed here; all other inputs and outputs logically follow from the nature of the transformation process.

Data

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Energy balance in Stuttgart(-)
Obs	Equation	Col	Result	Description
1	Balance Solar Thermal Pump	STP renewable energy	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
2	Balance Solar Thermal Pump	STP electricity	-1
3	Balance Solar Thermal Pump	STP local heating	1
4	Fraction STP renewable energy	STP electricity	-1	Amount of electricity is used as comparison for renewable energy
5	Fraction STP renewable energy	STP renewable energy	0.363636364	8/22 Electricity divided by renewable energy
6	Balance CHP Plants	CHP gas	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
7	Balance CHP Plants	CHP renewable energy	-1
8	Balance CHP Plants	CHP mineral oil	-1
9	Balance CHP Plants	CHP local heating	1
10	Balance CHP Plants	CHP electricity	1
11	Balance CHP Plants	CHP loss	1
12	Fraction CHP gas	CHP renewable energy	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for gas
13	Fraction CHP gas	CHP mineral oil	-1
14	Fraction CHP gas	CHP gas	0.564814815	(108+14)/216 Others divided by gas
15	Fraction CHP renewable energy	CHP gas	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for renewable energy
16	Fraction CHP renewable energy	CHP mineral oil	-1
17	Fraction CHP renewable energy	CHP renewable energy	2.12962963	(216+14)/108 Others divided by renewable energy
18	Fraction CHP local heating	CHP electricity	-1	Sum of other outputs is used as comparison for local heating
19	Fraction CHP local heating	CHP loss	-1
20	Fraction CHP local heating	CHP local heating	1.770491803	(84+132)/122 Others divided by local heating
21	Fraction CHP electricity	CHP local heating	-1	Sum of other outputs is used as comparison for electricity
22	Fraction CHP electricity	CHP loss	-1
23	Fraction CHP electricity	CHP electricity	3.023809524	(122+132)/84 Others divided by electricity
24	Balance Water, Wind, Photovlotaics	WWP renewable energy	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
25	Balance Water, Wind, Photovlotaics	WWP electricity	1
26	Balance Thermal Power Plant Pfaffenwald	TPP electricity input	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
27	Balance Thermal Power Plant Pfaffenwald	TPP mineral oil	-1
28	Balance Thermal Power Plant Pfaffenwald	TPP gas	-1
29	Balance Thermal Power Plant Pfaffenwald	TPP local heating	1
30	Balance Thermal Power Plant Pfaffenwald	TPP electricity output	1
31	Balance Thermal Power Plant Pfaffenwald	TPP loss	1
32	Fraction TPP electricity input	TPP mineral oil	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for electricity input
33	Fraction TPP electricity input	TPP gas	-1
34	Fraction TPP electricity input	TPP electricity input	23.33333333	(43+167)/9 Others divided by electricity input
35	Fraction TPP mineral oil	TPP electricity input	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for mineral oil
36	Fraction TPP mineral oil	TPP gas	-1
37	Fraction TPP mineral oil	TPP mineral oil	4.093023256	(9+167)/43 Others divided by mineral oil
38	Fraction TPP local heating	TPP electricity output	-1	Sum of other outputs is used as comparison for local heating
39	Fraction TPP local heating	TPP loss	-1
40	Fraction TPP local heating	TPP local heating	0.335365854	(50+5)/164 Others divided by local heating
41	Fraction TPP electricity output	TPP local heating	-1	Sum of other outputs is used as comparison for electricity
42	Fraction TPP electricity output	TPP loss	-1
43	Fraction TPP electricity output	TPP electricity output	3.38	(164+5)/50 Others divided by electricity
44	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE waste	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
45	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE gas	-1
46	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE coal	-1
47	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE mineral oil	-1
48	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE electricity	1
49	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE district heating	1
50	Balance Thermal Power Plant EVU	TPE loss	1
51	Fraction TPE waste	TPE gas	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for waste
52	Fraction TPE waste	TPE coal	-1
53	Fraction TPE waste	TPE mineral oil	-1
54	Fraction TPE waste	TPE waste	1.04973357	(162+1019+1)/1126 Others divided by waste
55	Fraction TPE gas	TPE waste	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for gas
56	Fraction TPE gas	TPE coal	-1
57	Fraction TPE gas	TPE mineral oil	-1
58	Fraction TPE gas	TPE gas	13.24691358	(1126+1019+1)/162 Others divided by gas
59	Fraction TPE coal	TPE waste	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for coal
60	Fraction TPE coal	TPE gas	-1
61	Fraction TPE coal	TPE mineral oil	-1
62	Fraction TPE coal	TPE coal	1.264965653	(1126+162+1)/1019 Others divided by coal
63	Fraction TPE electricity	TPE district heating	-1	Sum of other outputs is used as comparison for electricity
64	Fraction TPE electricity	TPE loss	-1
65	Fraction TPE electricity	TPE electricity	5.089709763	(1101+828)/379 Others divided by electricity
66	Fraction TPE district heating	TPE electricity	-1	Sum of other outputs is used as comparison for district heating
67	Fraction TPE district heating	TPE loss	-1
68	Fraction TPE district heating	TPE district heating	1.096276113	(379 +828)/1101 Others divided by district heating
69	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind gas	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
70	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind electricity	1
71	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind loss	1
72	Fraction Ind loss	Ind electricity	-1	Amount of district heating is used as comparison for loss
73	Fraction Ind loss	Ind loss	0.533333333	8/15 district heating per loss
74	Fraction local heating producers	STP local heating	-1	CHP local heating production is used as reference
75	Fraction local heating producers	CHP local heating	0.245901639	30/122 STP local heating divided by CHP local heating
76	Fraction electricity producers 1	Ind electricity	-1	CHP electricity production is used as reference
77	Fraction electricity producers 1	CHP electricity	0.095238095	8/84 Ind electricity divided by TPE district heating
78	Fraction electricity producers 2	WWP electricity	-1	CHP electricity production is used as refernce
79	Fraction electricity producers 2	CHP electricity	0.797619048	67/84 WWP electricity divided by CHP electricity
80	Fraction electricity producers 3	TPP electricity output	-1	CHP electricity production is used as refernce
81	Fraction electricity producers 3	CHP electricity	0.595238095	50/84 TPP electricity divided by CHP electricity
82	Fraction electricity producers 4	TPE electricity	-1	CHP electricity production is used as refernce
83	Fraction electricity producers 4	CHP electricity	4.511904762	379/84 TPE electricity divided by CHP electricity
84	Transmission loss local heating	Loss local heating	1	Known loss divided by production
85	Transmission loss local heating	STP local heating	-0.041139241	13/(30+122+164)
86	Transmission loss local heating	CHP local heating	-0.041139241
87	Transmission loss local heating	TPP local heating	-0.041139241
88	Transmission loss electricity	Loss electricity	1	Known loss divided by production
89	Transmission loss electricity	CHP electricity	-0.221088435	130/(84+67+50+379+8)
90	Transmission loss electricity	WWP electricity	-0.221088435
91	Transmission loss electricity	TPP electricity output	-0.221088435
92	Transmission loss electricity	TPE electricity	-0.221088435
93	Transmission loss electricity	Ind electricity	-0.221088435
94	Transmission loss district heating	Loss district heating	1	Known loss divided by production
95	Transmission loss district heating	TPE district heating	-0.109900091	121/1101
96	Consumption in the Energy Sector local heating	CES local heating	1	STP local heating is used as reference
97	Consumption in the Energy Sector local heating	STP local heating	-0.366666667	11/30
98	Consumption in the Energy Sector electricity	CES electricity	1	CHP electricity is used as reference
99	Consumption in the Energy Sector electricity	CHP electricity	-1.392857143	117/84
100	Vorketten renewable energy	V renewable energy	1	STP renewable energy is used as reference
101	Vorketten renewable energy	STP renewable energy	-0.272727273	6/22
102	Vorketten coal	V coal	1	TPE coal is used as reference
103	Vorketten coal	TPE coal	-0.103042198	105/1019
104	Vorketten electricity	V electricity	1	TPE electricity is used as reference
105	Vorketten electricity	TPE electricity	-17.79683377	6745/379
106	Vorketten gas	V gas	1	CHP gas is used as reference
107	107 Vorketten gas CHP gas -2.027777778 438/216
108	108 Vorketten mineral oil V mineral oil 1 TPP mineral oil is used as reference
109	109 Vorketten mineral oil TPP mineral oil -12.3255814 530/43
110	110 Electricity use balance Bought electricity -1 In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
111	111 Electricity use balance CHP electricity -1
112	112 Electricity use balance WWP electricity -1
113	113 Electricity use balance TPP electricity output -1
114	114 Electricity use balance TPE electricity -1
115	115 Electricity use balance Ind electricity -1
116	116 Electricity use balance STP electricity 1
117	117 Electricity use balance TPP electricity input 1
118	118 Electricity use balance Loss electricity 1
119	119 Electricity use balance CES electricity 1
120	120 Electricity use balance V electricity 1
121	121 Electricity use balance Cons Ind electricity 1
122	122 Electricity use balance Cons Traffic electricity 1
123	123 Electricity use balance Cons Home electricity 1
124	124 Electricity use balance Cons Commerce electricity 1
125	125 Local heating balance STP local heating -1 In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
126	126 Local heating balance CHP local heating -1
127	127 Local heating balance TPP local heating -1
128	128 Local heating balance Loss local heating 1
129	129 Local heating balance CES local heating 1
130	130 Local heating balance Cons Ind local heating 1
131	131 Local heating balance Cons Home local heating 1
132	132 Local heating balance Cons Commerce local heating 1
133	133 District heating balance Bought district heating -1 In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
134	134 District heating balance TPE district heating -1
135	135 District heating balance Loss district heating 1
136	136 District heating balance Cons Ind district heating 1
137	137 District heating balance Cons Home district heating 1
138	138 District heating balance Cons Commerce district heating 1
139	139 Consumed electricity industry Cons Ind electricity 1 This must be given
140	140 Consumed electricity traffic Cons Traffic electricity 1 This must be given
141	141 Consumed electricity households Cons Home electricity 1 This must be given
142	142 Consumed electricity commerce Cons Commerce electricity 1 This must be given
143	143 Consumed local heating industry Cons Ind local heating 1 This must be given
144	144 Consumed local heating households Cons Home local heating 1 This must be given
145	145 Consumed local heating commerce Cons Commerce local heating 1 This must be given
146	146 Consumed districit heating industry Cons Ind district heating 1 This must be given
147	147 Consumed districit heating households Cons Home district heating 1 This must be given
148	148 Consumed districit heating commerce Cons Commerce district heating 1 This must be given
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163	Fraction CHP electricity	CHP electricity	2.852	(977.7+244.6)/428.6 Others divided by electricity
164	Balance H Plants	H biogas	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out.
165	Balance H Plants	H oil	-1
166	Balance H Plants	H heat	1
167	Balance H Plants	H loss	1
168	Fraction H biogas	H oil	-1	Amount of oil is used as comparison for biogas
169	Fraction H biogas	H biogas	18.973	70.2/3.7 Oil divided by biogas
170	Fraction H loss	H heat	-1	Amount of heat is used as comparison for loss.
171	Fraction H loss	H loss	14.082	69/4.9 Heat per loss
172	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind peat	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out.
173	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind oil	-1
174	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind renewable	-1
175	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind electricity	1
176	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind process heat	1
177	Balance Industrial Plants	Ind loss	1
178	Fraction Industrial peat	Ind oil	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for peat.
179	Fraction Industrial peat	Ind renewable	-1
180	Fraction Industrial peat	Ind peat	2.014	(82.4+527.8)/303 Others divided by peat.
181	Fraction Industrial oil	Ind peat	-1
182	Fraction Industrial oil	Ind renewable	-1
183	Fraction Industrial oil	Ind oil	10.083	(303+527.8)/82.4 Others divided by oil.
184	Fraction Industrial electricity	Ind process heat	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for electricity
185	Fraction Industrial electricity	Ind loss	-1	Heat loss = 104 = 303+82.4+527.8-123.8-685.4
186	Fraction Industrial electricity	Ind electricity	6.376	(685.4+104)/123.8
187	Fraction Industrial process heat	Ind electricity	-1	Sum of other fuels is used as comparison for process heat.
188	Fraction Industrial process heat	Ind loss	-1
189	Fraction Industrial process heat	Ind process heat	0.332	(123.8+104)/685.4 Sum of other products divided by process heat.
190	Fraction heat producers	H heat	-1	CHP heat production is used as reference
191	Fraction heat producers	CHP heat	0.08	This number is based on guesswork.
192	Transmission loss electricity	Loss electricity	1	Known loss divided by production
193	Transmission loss electricity	CHP electricity	-0.0858	47.4/(428.6+123.8)
194	Transmission loss electricity	Ind electricity	-0.0858
195	Transmission loss heat	Loss heat	1	Known loss divided by production
196	Transmission loss heat	CHP heat	-0.0855	89.5/(977.7+69)
197	Transmission loss heat	Ind process heat	-0.0855
198	Electricity use balance	Bought electricity	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out.
199	Electricity use balance	CHP electricity	-1
200	Electricity use balance	Ind electricity	-1
201	Electricity use balance	Loss electricity	1
202	Electricity use balance	Cons Home electricity	1
203	Electricity use balance	Cons Ind electricity	1
204	Electricity use balance	Cons Commerce electricity	1
205	Electricity use balance	Cons Municip electricity	1
206	Heat use balance	CHP heat	-1	In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out.
207	Heat use balance	H heat	-1
208	Heat use balance	Loss heat	1
209	Heat use balance	Cons Home heat	1
210	Heat use balance	Cons Ind heat	1
211	Heat use balance	Cons Commerce heat	1
212	Heat use balance	Cons Municip heat	1
213	Consumed industrial process heat	Ind process heat	1	This must be given.
214	Consumed electricity home	Cons Home electricity	1	This must be given.
215	Consumed electricity industry	Cons Ind electricity	1	This must be given.
216	Consumed electricity commerce	Cons Commerce electricity	1	This must be given.
217	Consumed electricity municipality	Cons Municip electricity	1	This must be given.
218	Consumed heat home	Cons Home heat	1	This must be given.
219	Consumed heat industry	Cons Ind heat	1	This must be given.
220	Consumed heat commerce	Cons Commerce heat	1	This must be given.
221	Consumed heat municipality	Cons Municip heat	1	This must be given.

A data table on an Opasnet page is used to enter the matrix data. This is rather user friendly. As a side effect, the table does not look like a matrix so it might be confusing in the beginning. The matrix is created by using the "Equation" as information about the row of the matrix and "Col" as information about the column of the matrix. "Result" is the actual value, and Description is anything useful for a reader (it is not used in calculations).

Dependencies

Formula

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library(OpasnetUtils)
library(xtable)

dependencies <- data.frame(Name = c(
	"Frac_CHP_renew",
	"Ind_process_heat",
	"Cons_Home_electricity",
	"Cons_Ind_electricity",
	"Cons_Commerce_electricity",
	"Cons_Municip_electricity",
	"Cons_Home_heat",
	"Cons_Ind_heat",
	"Cons_Commerce_heat",
	"Cons_Municip_heat"
), Key = "k5NNrR2Q0VCJharl")

formula <- function(dependencies, ...) {

	ComputeDependencies(dependencies, ...)

	## Define the energy transformation matrix ETM.

	# Get the data from Opasnet Base.

	ETM <- tidy(op_baseGetData("opasnet_base", "Op_en5469"), objname = "ETM", direction = "wide")

	# Add user-defined data to it.

	additions <- data.frame(
		Equation = "Fraction CHP renewable",
		Col = "CHP peat",
		ETMResult = Frac_CHP_renew,
		ETMDescription = "Renewable amount divided by peat. BAU: 78.1/1435.7 = 0.0544 Actual number given by user."
	)
	ETM <- rbind(ETM, additions)

	# Reshape the table to make a matrix, and replace NA with 0.

	ETM <- reshape(ETM, timevar = "Col", idvar = "Equation", v.names = "ETMResult", direction = "wide")
	colnames(ETM) <- gsub("ETMResult.", "", colnames(ETM))

	print(xtable(ETM), type = 'html') # Show the matrix with explanations.

	ETM <- as.matrix(ETM[, !colnames(ETM) %in% c("Equation", "ETMDescription")])

	for(i in 1:ncol(ETM)) {
		ETM[is.na(ETM[, i]), i] <- 0
	}

	# Define the outputs for equations (for most equations, it is a zero sum game).

	out <- c(rep(0, 18), # Define the consumptions (and other known variables).
		Ind_process_heat,
		Cons_Home_electricity,
		Cons_Ind_electricity,
		Cons_Commerce_electricity,
		Cons_Municip_electricity,
		Cons_Home_heat,
		Cons_Ind_heat,
		Cons_Commerce_heat,
		Cons_Municip_heat
	)

	out <- solve(ETM, out) # Solve the matrix.
	out <- data.frame(Energy.class = colnames(ETM), Result = out)

	return(out)
}

energy.balance.Kuopio <- new("ovariable",
	name = "energy.balance.Kuopio",
	output = formula(dependencies)
)

print(xtable(energy.balance.Kuopio@output), type = 'html')
#temp <- EvalOutput(energy.balance.Kuopio)
#print(xtable(temp@output), type = 'html')

objects.put(energy.balance.Kuopio)
#	Ind_process_heat,
#	Cons_Home_electricity,
#	Cons_Ind_electricity,
#	Cons_Commerce_electricity,
#	Cons_Municip_electricity,
#	Cons_Home_heat,
#	Cons_Ind_heat,
#	Cons_Commerce_heat,
#	Cons_Municip_heat
#)

cat("Object energy.balance.Kuopio saved. Write down the key of the model run page for further use.\n")

The model first creates the matrix and shows it to the user, and then it fills all empty cells with 0 and solves it by using the input values the user has given via the user interface. (The user interface can later be replaced by another model.) All the current input values are final consumptions, and the default values are based on the Kuopio data.

Keywords

References

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