Incinerator
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'Incinerator: a furnace to burn completely waste materials. Incinerators of mixed municipal waste are one of the most important sources of PCDD/Fs in Western Europe. PCDD/Fs are formed, if there is chlorine (especially from polyvinyl chloride plastics, PVC) and certain metals present which catalyse their formation, and thermal conditions are favourable. Incinerators may also vaporise PCDD/Fs, PCBs and their contaminants from the fuel, if the burning conditions are not adequate. Incinerating is a completely valid means of disposing of PCDD/Fs (and PCBs), but the requirements of the incinerator are quite demanding. The temperature must be high enough, and there must be a proper filtering system to collect fly ash that may still contain some PCDD/Fs formed after cooling. It should be noted that dioxins may be formed during any unfavourable combustion process, if the required materials are present, including motor vehicles and small-scale burning of mixed materials (see also Combustion).
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