All-cause mortality dose-response of fish consumption
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Cancer dose-responses of fish consumption describe exposure-response functions of different cancers due to fish consumption.
Table. Evidence on the effects of fish on all-cause mortality.
| Ecological, descriptive and cross-sectional studies | Cohort and case-control studies | Exposure data from cohort and case-control studies | Interventions | Exposure data from interventions | Comments | |
| All-cause mortality | ++ | +++ | Fish and fish oil | +++ | Fish oil | Recent meta-regression of RCT’s did not suggest a relation between mortality and the dose of long chain omega-3 fatty acids whereas cohort studies suggest that omega-3 protects against death (RR 0,65, 95 % CI 0,48-0,88, I2 =36 %). Interventions on the effect of fish oil on all-cause mortality have mainly been conducted among subjects with CVD present already at the baseline. |
- No data, + Initial findings, ++ Replicate studies, +++ Plenty of data
References
Hooper L, Thompson RL, Harrison RA, Summerbell CD, Ness AR, Moore HJ, Worthington HV, Durrington PN, Higgins JP, Capps NE, Riemersma RA, Ebrahim SB, Davey Smith G:Risks and benefits of omega 3 fats for mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review. BMJ. 2006 Apr 1;332(7544):752-60.
Wang C, Harris WS, Chung M, Lichtenstein AH, Balk EM, Kupelnick B, Jordan HS, Lau J. n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(1):5-17.