CLAIH assessment

This page is a knowledge crystal of subtype assessment. The page identifier is Op_en2923
Moderator:Virpi Kollanus (see all)

Upload data {{#opasnet_base_link:Op_en2923}}

Climate change, air quality and housing – future challenges to public health (CLAIH)

CLAIH analytica model

Scope

Purpose

The purpose of the assessment is to evaluate the health impacts and costs in Finland in the future if different housing policies are undertaken.

More specifically:

What would be the health effects and costs in Finland in 2030 if the society preferred different household heating systems, building energy efficiency solutions and fuels for district heat production?

How would the health effects from housing compared to health effects from other sources of PM2.5, e.g. traffic?

What would be the optimal combination of household heating systems, building energy efficiency and fuels for district heating?

What would be the amount of societal subsidies needed to ensure the transition to the preferred heating systems and energy efficiency in housing?

Preference of different decisions on household heating and energy efficiency is assessed from the perspective of a household. Total health impacts and societal costs of different decision options are assessed for the whole of Finland, and the optimal distribution of societal subsidies for different heating systems and energy efficiency are evaluated based on these.

Boundaries

Population: Finland
Time:
- 2009 (used as a reference)
- Year 2030
Exposures:
- Fine particles
- O3 (?)
- Temperature extremes
- Indoor pollution (what indoor contaminants should be included?)
  - Dampness and mold
  - Fireplace combustion and tobacco smoke products
  - Other pollutants
  - Air change
Health effects:
- Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity due to long term exposure to fine particles
- Asthma incidence due to long term exposure to fine particles
- Cardiovascular and respiratory mortality and morbidity due to exposure to O3 (?) and temperature extremes
- Development of asthma and allergies and occurrence of respiratory infections in relation to indoor pollution
Decisions to be evaluated:
- Fuel for district heating
  - BAU
  - Oil
  - Peat
  - Coal
  - Wood chip
  - Geothermal heat
- Household heating system
  - BAU
  - District heating
  - Oil
  - Pellet
- Improving house energy efficiency
  - BAU
  - Improved insulation
  - Heat exchange (air, water)
  - Lower indoor temperature

Scenarios

Climate change (temperature) scenarios based on IPCC
- A2 (heterogeneous world, rising population, slow technological change)
- A1B (rapid growth of world economy and population, advent new and more efficient technologies, balanced use of fossil and renewable energy sources)
- B1 (rapid development towards environmentally friendly technologies)

Intended users

Ministry of the Environment

Participants

FMI
University of Oulu
THL
Anyone interested

Definition

Variables

Draft of variables related to PM2.5 emissions and health effects:

Decisions:

Society:

Fuel for district heat production (oil, peat, coal, wood chip, geothermal heat)

Citizen:

Household heating system (district heating, oil, pellets)
Building energy efficiency (energy class and technique)

House stock

Emissions

Exposure

PM2.5

Heat

Exposure-response functions

PM2.5

Heat

Health effects

Background information

Health effect indicators

Mortality due to PM2.5 exposure in Finland
Morbidity due to PM2.5 exposure in Finland
Loss of life-expectancy due to PM2.5 exposure in Finland
Loss of disability adjusted life years due to PM2.5 exposure in Finland

Costs

Citizen:

Cost from household heating
- Prices of fuels in heat production

Society

Health costs of PM2.5 exposure in Finland

Costs from indirect health effects of CO2 emissions in Finland
Costs to citizens from household heating

Analyses

Value-of-information analysis

CLAIH assessment

Contents