Evaluating impacts on production
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Scope
Does the option facilitate the introduction and dissemination of new production methods, technologies and products?[1]
Definition
This key question focusses on the generation and adoption of new knowledge and equipment, to introduce new saleable products and services, as well as to improve existing ones. Innovations are typically considered the "output" of innovative processes, wherein R&D investments, skills and competences are fundamental "inputs". Aspects to be considered in order to assess the likely effects of policies on this impact area include: the categories of products/services being introduced and adopted, the basic distinction being between primary inputs, capital goods, and final goods, and between manufacturing products and services; the characteristics of new or improved products and service, that is qualitative and quantitative modifications affecting both the exchange and the use value of goods; and the geographic sources of innovation, i.e. the intra-EU or extra-EU origin of innovations introduced in markets; and the organisation of innovation, that is whether innovative activities are institutionalised in research laboratories, whether they occur within firms or in collaboration with other firms and institutions, and whether they involve large or small organisations.[1]
Result
Further information
EC related information:
Overview of European Research and Innovation Activities
Other information:
Indicators:
The following Eurostat Structural Indicators (Innovation and Research) are relevant to address the key question:
- Spending on Human Resources
- Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)
- Gross Domestic Expenditute on R&D by source of funds
- Level of household Internet access
- Science and technology graduates
- EPO patents
- USPTO patents
- Venture capital investments
- ICT expenditure by type of product
- E-Commerce: Percentage of enterprises' total turnover from E-commerce
- Youth education attainment level[1]
The following Eurostat Sustainable Development Indicators (Economic Development) are relevant to address the key question:
The OECD database also contains relevant statistics under the heading:
See also
References
This text is for information only and is not designed to interpret or replace any reference documents. The text is adapted from IAstar, European Commission internal report