Baseline dioxin exposure in Hämeenkyrö: Difference between revisions

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'''Scope'''<br>
{{variable}}
[[Category:Exposures]]
[[Category:Dioxins]]
[[Category:Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator]]
 
== Scope ==
 
'''Baseline dioxin exposure in Hämeenkyrö''' inhabitants. The daily intake and the adipose tissue concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs) in Hämeenkyrö population.  
'''Baseline dioxin exposure in Hämeenkyrö''' inhabitants. The daily intake and the adipose tissue concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs) in Hämeenkyrö population.  


==== Description ====
== Definition ==
 
Comes from literature.
 
*[[Variable:Dioxin emission in Hämeenkyrö]]
*[[Variable:Intake fraction for dioxin emission in Hämeenkyrö]]


Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, "dioxins") are ubiquitously present, stable and persistent environmental contaminants. They are fat soluble and thus tend to bioaccumulate in tissue lipid and in the food chain. More than 90 % of the average human intake of dioxins originates from food, especially food of animal origin. In Finland the main source is fish, whose contribution is 72-94 % of the total PCDD/F intake via food.
=== Data ===
 
{{Human exposure to dioxins}}


Here we will use the daily PCDD/F intake estimated for the Finnish population in average as  
Here we will use the daily PCDD/F intake estimated for the Finnish population in average as  
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PCBs, another group of persistent environmental contaminants, were included as they behave  
PCBs, another group of persistent environmental contaminants, were included as they behave  
similarly in the food chain and have partly similar health effects as dioxins.{{Reslink|Description/PCBs should be excluded}}
similarly in the food chain and have partly similar health effects as dioxins.{{Reslink|Description/PCBs should be excluded}}


'''References'''
'''References'''
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*Tuomisto et al. 1999. Synopsis on dioxins and PCBs. Publications of the National Public Health Institute B17/1999.
*Tuomisto et al. 1999. Synopsis on dioxins and PCBs. Publications of the National Public Health Institute B17/1999.


==== Definition ====
=== Causality ===


Comes from literature.


*[[Variable:Dioxin emission in Hämeenkyrö]]
=== Unit ===
*[[Variable:Intake fraction for dioxin emission in Hämeenkyrö]]
 
==== Unit ====


*Daily intake: WHO-TEQ pg/kg body weight  
*Daily intake: WHO-TEQ pg/kg body weight  
*Adipose tissue concentration: WHO-TEQ pg/g fat
*Adipose tissue concentration: WHO-TEQ pg/g fat


==== Result ====
=== Formula ===
 
 
== Result ==


*Average daily intake of PCDD/Fs 0.79 pg/kg bw  
*Average daily intake of PCDD/Fs 0.79 pg/kg bw  
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Note: During the nursing period, the PCDD/F intake of a child can be 1-2 orders of magnitude  
Note: During the nursing period, the PCDD/F intake of a child can be 1-2 orders of magnitude  
higher than that of an adult.
higher than that of an adult.
==See also==
==References==
<references/>

Latest revision as of 11:23, 13 March 2009

Scope

Baseline dioxin exposure in Hämeenkyrö inhabitants. The daily intake and the adipose tissue concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs) in Hämeenkyrö population.

Definition

Comes from literature.

Data

Human exposure to dioxins
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, "dioxins") are ubiquitously present, stable and persistent environmental contaminants. They are fat soluble and thus tend to bioaccumulate in tissue lipid and in the food chain. More than 90 % of the average human intake of dioxins originates from food, especially food of animal origin. In Finland the main source is fish, whose contribution is 72-94 % of the total PCDD/F intake via food.

Toinen tärkeä altiste ovat dioksiinit. Ne ovat kloorattuja pysyviä ympäristömyrkkyjä, joita syntyy mm. epätäydellisen palamisen tuloksena. Aiemmin jätteenpoltto aiheutti suuriakin dioksiinipäästöjä, mutta parantuneet polttotekniikat ovat huomattavasti pienentäneet näitä päästöjä. Dioksiinit ovat kuitenkin yleinen huolenaihe, ja siksi niitä on syytä erikseen tarkastella jätteenpolton yhteydessä.

Vaikka dioksiinipäästöt tulevat savukaasujen mukana kuten pienhiukkastenkin, niille altistutaan aivan eri tavalla. Dioksiinipitoisuudet ovat ilmassa hyvin pieniä eivätkä ne aiheuta merkittävää altistumista. Pysyvinä ja huonosti vesiliukoisina yhdisteinä dioksiinit kertyvät ravintoketjussa. Ne kulkeutuvat pitkiäkin matkoja ilmassa, ja laskeuduttuaan kasvillisuudelle ne päätyvät usein karjan rehuun tai vesistöissä kertyvät kalaan. Kala (erityisesti Itämerestä), maitotuotteet ja liha ovatkin tärkeimmät dioksiinien saantilähteet. Tyypillinen dioksiinialtistuminen Suomessa on suuruusluokkaa 1 pg/kg/d (yksi miljoonasosan miljoonasosa grammasta elimistön painokiloa kohti vuorokaudessa). Mutkikkaasta altistureitistä johtuen yksittäinen savukaasujen lähde aiheuttaa pienen altistumislisän dioksiineille hyvin laajalla alueella, mutta paikalliset altistumiset jäävät pieniksi.

Here we will use the daily PCDD/F intake estimated for the Finnish population in average as a starting point. In addition, the other variable in this model, "Dioxin emissions in Hämeenkyrö", may affect the estimate of baseline dioxin exposure in Hämeenkyrö.

For the adipose tissue PCDD/F concentration the value estimated for the general population living in Finnish inland is used.

It is noteworthy, that some subgroups within society, such as nursing babies and people consuming lot of fish may be more highly exposed to dioxins than the average people.

PCBs, another group of persistent environmental contaminants, were included as they behave similarly in the food chain and have partly similar health effects as dioxins.R↻


References

  • Holtta P, Kiviranta H, Leppaniemi A, Vartiainen T, Lukinmaa PL, Alaluusua S. Developmental dental defects in children who reside by a river polluted by dioxins and furans. Arch Environ Health. 2001 Nov-Dec;56(6):522-8.
  • Kiviranta H, Ovaskainen ML, Vartiainen T. Market basket study on dietary intake of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PBDEs in Finland. Environ Int. 2004 Sep;30(7):923-32.
  • Kiviranta H, Tuomisto JT, Tuomisto J, Tukiainen E, Vartiainen T. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in the general population in Finland. Chemosphere. 2005 Aug;60(7):854-69.
  • Tuomisto et al. 1999. Synopsis on dioxins and PCBs. Publications of the National Public Health Institute B17/1999.

Causality

Unit

  • Daily intake: WHO-TEQ pg/kg body weight
  • Adipose tissue concentration: WHO-TEQ pg/g fat

Formula

Result

  • Average daily intake of PCDD/Fs 0.79 pg/kg bw
  • Average daily intake of PCBs 0.74 pg/kg bw
  • Average adipose tissue PCDD/F concentration 26.4 pg/g
  • Average adipose tissue PCB concentration 18.1 pg/g

Note: During the nursing period, the PCDD/F intake of a child can be 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of an adult.

See also

References

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