ERFs of environmental pollutants

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This page contains exposure-response functions of several environmental pollutants that do not have own pages. This page used to contain e.g. estimates for dioxins, but they were moved to ERF of dioxin.

Question

What are ERFs of environmental pollutants that do not have own pages in Opasnet?

Answer

Relevant results here (in Finnish).

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library(OpasnetUtils) # A package with Opasnet functionalities
library(xtable)       # A package with table formats
library(ggplot2)      # A package with fancy graph formats

objects.latest("Op_en5827", "initiate") # Get the latest ovariables from code calculations on page Op_en5918 (ERF of several environmental pollutions).

ERF <- EvalOutput(ERF_env, N = 3)
ERF@output$ERFResult <- as.numeric(as.character(ERF@output$ERFResult))
ERF@output <- ERF@output[colnames(ERF@output) != "Obs"]

print(xtable(ERF@output, digits = 4), type = 'html')

ggplot(ERF@output[ERF@output$ERF.Parameter == "RR" , ], # Show a bar chart
	aes(x = Pollutant, y = ERFResult, fill = Response.metric)) +
	geom_bar(position="dodge") + 
	theme_grey(base_size = 24) +
	theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

ggplot(ERF@output[ERF@output$ERF.Parameter == "UR" , ], # Show a bar chart
	aes(x = Health.impact, y = ERFResult, fill = Response.metric)) +
	geom_bar(position="dodge") + 
	theme_grey(base_size = 24) +
	theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

Rationale

Data

ERFs of environmental pollutants(-)
Obs	Exposure agent	Response	Age	Exposure	ER function	Scaling	Exposure unit	ERF	Description
1	Indoor radon	Lung cancer morbidity		Annual average indoor air concentration	RR	None	Bq /m3	1.0016 (1.0005-1.0031)
2	PM2.5	Lung cancer mortality		Annual average outdoor air concentration	RR	None	µg /m3	1.014 (1.004-1.023)	Outdoor air, Pope et al. 2002
3	PM2.5	Cardiopulmonary mortality		Annual average outdoor concentration	RR	None	µg /m3	1.009 (1.003-1.016)	Outdoor air, Pope et al. 2002
4	PM2.5	Total mortality		Annual average outdoor air concentration	RR	None	µg /m3	1.0062 (1.0014-1.011)	Outdoor air
5	Chlorination byproducts	Bladder cancer morbidity		Concentration in ingested water	RR	None	µg /l	1.0039 (1.00053-1.00722)
6	Chlorination byproducts	Bladder cancer morbidity		Concentration in ingested water	RR	None	netrev /l	1.000029 (1-1.000072)
7	Arsenic	Bladder cancer morbidity		Concentration in ingested water	RR	None	µg /l	1.002 (0.999-1.006)
8	Formaldehyde	Asthma morbidity	<14	Annual average indoor concentration	RR	None	µg /m3	1.0140743178
9	Formaldehyde	Asthma morbidity	>=14	Annual average indoor concentration	RR	None	µg /m3	1
10	Dampness damage	Asthma morbidity		Yes/no moisture damage	RR	None	%	1.37 (1.23-1.53)
11	Dampness damage	Lower respiratory symptoms morbidity		Yes/no moisture damage	RR	None	%	1.5 (1.38-1.86)
12	Dampness damage	Upper respiratory symptoms morbidity		Yes/no moisture damage	RR	None	%	1.7 (1.44-2)
13	Fluoride	Fluorosis	<14	Concentration in ingested water	UR	None		0.125
14	Fluoride	Fluorosis	>=14	Concentration in ingested water	UR	None		0
15	Outdoor ozone	Total mortality		Annual average outdoor air concentration	RR	None	µg /m3	1.000299596 (1.000099955-1.000399282)
16	Lead	Decrease of IQ below 70 points		Intake level from food	UR	None	?	0.025
17	Lead	Increased blood pressure		Intake level from food	UR	None	?	0.025
18	Formaldehyde	Nasal cancer morbidity		Annual average indoor concentration	UR	None	µg /m3	0.000013
19	Benzene	Leukemia morbidity		Annual average indoor concentration	UR	None	µg /m3	0.000005
20	Quatzdust	Silicosis morbidity		Indoor air concentration	UR	None	mg /m3	0.125; 0.125; 0.25
21	Asbestos at work	Lung cancer and mesothelioma morbidity		Indoor air concentration	UR	None		0.05 (0.01-0.1)
22	Noise at work	Hearing damage		Noise level	UR	None		570	Medium noise (80-85 dB)
23	Noise at work	Hearing damage		Noise level	UR	None		1320	Loud noise (>85 dB)
24	Outdoor ozone	Mild decreasing on general functioning		Annual average outdoor air concentration	UR	None	µg /m3	0.115 (0.044-0.186)

----#: . Check some translations (chlorinating, surrounding's tobacco smoke, fluorosis, dampness damage,Nose-pharynx cancers, Mild decreasing on general funtioning) --Heta 18:43, 12 October 2012 (EEST) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)
----#: . Note that ERFs for "Environmental tobacco smoke" were moved to Indoor environment quality (IEQ) factors page, where they belong to. --Marjo 13:56, 28 March 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Calculations

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library(OpasnetUtils)

d <- opbase.data("Op_en5827")
d$Obs <- NULL
colnames(d) <- gsub(" ", "_", colnames(d))
d$Result <- ifelse(d$Result == "", "0", as.character(d$Result))

ERF_env <- Ovariable("ERF_env", data = d[d$Observation == "ERF", colnames(d) != "Observation"])

threshold_env <- Ovariable("Threshold_env", data = d[d$Observation == "Threshold", colnames(d) != "Observation"])

objects.store(ERF_env, threshold_env)
cat("Ovariables ERF, threshold stored. Page: Op_en5827, code: initiate.\n")

References