ERFs of environmental pollutants

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This page contains exposure-response functions of several environmental pollutants that do not have own pages. This page used to contain e.g. estimates for dioxins, but they were moved to ERF of dioxin.

Question

What are ERFs of environmental pollutants that do not have own pages in Opasnet?

Answer

Relevant results here (in Finnish).

+ Show code - Hide code

library(OpasnetUtils) # A package with Opasnet functionalities
library(xtable)       # A package with table formats
library(ggplot2)      # A package with fancy graph formats

objects.latest("Op_en5827", "initiate") # Get the latest ovariables from code calculations on page Op_en5918 (ERF of several environmental pollutions).
ERF

ERF 		<- EvalOutput(ERF, N = 3)
ERF@output$ERFResult <- as.numeric(as.character(ERF@output$ERFResult))
ERF@output <- ERF@output[colnames(ERF@output) != "Obs"]

print(xtable(ERF@output, digits = 4), type = 'html')

ggplot(ERF@output[ERF@output$ERF.Parameter == "RR" , ], # Show a bar chart
	aes(x = Pollutant, y = ERFResult, fill = Response.metric)) +
	geom_bar(position="dodge") + 
	theme_grey(base_size = 24) +
	theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

ggplot(ERF@output[ERF@output$ERF.Parameter == "UR" , ], # Show a bar chart
	aes(x = Health.impact, y = ERFResult, fill = Response.metric)) +
	geom_bar(position="dodge") + 
	theme_grey(base_size = 24) +
	theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

Rationale

Data

ERFs of environmental pollutants(-)
Obs	Exposure agent	Response	Population	Age	Exposure route	Exposure metric	ER-function	Scaling	Exposure unit	ERF	Description
1	Indoor radon	Lung cancer morbidity	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average outdoor concentration	RR	None	Bq	1.0016 (1.0005-1.0031)
2	PM2.5	Lung cancer mortality	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average outdoor concentration	RR	None	µg/m3	1.014 (1.004-1.023)	Outdoor air, Pope et al. 2002
3	PM2.5	Cardiopulmonary mortality	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average outdoor concentration	RR	None		1.009 (1.003-1.016)	Outdoor air, Pope et al. 2002
4	PM2.5	Total mortality	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average outdoor concentration	RR	None		1.0062 (1.0014-1.011)	Outdoor air
5	Chlorination byproducts	Bladder cancer morbidity	People using chlorinated surface water		Ingestion	Concentration in water	RR	None	µg/l	1.0039 (1.00053-1.00722)
6	Chlorination byproducts	Bladder cancer morbidity	People using chlorinated surface water		Ingestion	Concentration in water	RR	None	net rev/l	1.000029 (1-1.000072)
7	Arsenic	Bladder cancer morbidity	People using water from bore wells		Ingestion	Concentration in water	RR	None	ug/l	1.002 (0.999-1.006)
8	Formaldehyde	Asthma morbidity	Whole population	<14	Inhalation	Annual average indoor concentration	RR	None	µg/m3	1.0140743178
9	Dampness damage	Asthma morbidity	Whole population		Inhalation	Yes/no moisture damage	RR	None		1.37 (1.23-1.53)
10	Dampness damage	Lower respiratory symptoms morbidity	Whole population		Inhalation	Yes/no moisture damage	RR	None		1.5 (1.38-1.86)
11	Dampness damage	Upper respiratory symptoms morbidity	Whole population		Inhalation	Yes/no moisture damage	RR	None		1.7 (1.44-2)
12	Fluoride	Fluorosis	People living in Southern Finland using water with fluoride	<14	Ingestion	Concentration in water	UR	None		0.125
13	Outdoor ozone	Total mortality	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average outdoor concentration	RR	None	ug/m3	1.000299596 (1.000099955-1.000399282)
14	Lead	Decrease of IQ below 70 points	Whole population		Ingestion?	Intake level from food	UR	None		0.025
15	Lead	Increased blood pressure	Whole population		Ingestion?	Intake level from food	UR	None		0.025
16	Formaldehyde	Nasal cancer morbidity	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average indoor concentration	UR	None	ug/m3	0.000013
17	Benzene	Leukemia morbidity	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average indoor concentration	UR	None	ug/m3	0.000005
18	Quatzdust	Silicosis morbidity	Population at working age		Inhalation	Indoor concentration	UR	None	mg/m3	0.125 (0.125.-0.25)
19	Asbestos at work	Lung cancer and mesothelioma morbidity	Population at working age		Inhalation	Indoor concentration	UR	None		0.05 (0.01-0.1)
20	Noise at work	Hearing damage	Population at working age		Hearing	Noise level	UR	None		570	Medium noise (80-85 dB)
21	Noise at work	Hearing damage	Population at working age		Hearing	Noise level	UR	None		1320	Loud noise (>85 dB)
22	Outdoor ozone	Mild decreasing on general functioning	Whole population		Inhalation	Annual average outdoor concentration	UR	None	ug/m3	0.115 (0.044-0.186)

----#: . Check some translations (chlorinating, surrounding's tobacco smoke, fluorosis, dampness damage,Nose-pharynx cancers, Mild decreasing on general funtioning) --Heta 18:43, 12 October 2012 (EEST) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)
----#: . Note that ERFs for "Environmental tobacco smoke" were moved to Indoor environment quality (IEQ) factors page, where they belong to. --Marjo 13:56, 28 March 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Calculations

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library(OpasnetUtils)

d <- opbase.data("Op_en5827")
d$Obs <- NULL
colnames(d) <- gsub(" ", "_", colnames(d))
d$Result <- ifelse(d$Result == "", "0", as.character(d$Result))

ERF <- Ovariable("ERF", data = d[d$Observation == "ERF", colnames(d) != "Observation"])

threshold <- Ovariable("Threshold", data = d[d$Observation == "Threshold", colnames(d) != "Observation"])

objects.store(ERF, threshold)
cat("Ovariables ERF, threshold stored. Page: Op_en5827, code: initiate.\n")

References