ERFs of environmental pollutants

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This page contains exposure-response functions of several environmental pollutants that do not have own pages. This page used to contain e.g. estimates for dioxins, but they were moved to ERF of dioxin.

Question

What are ERFs of environmental pollutants that do not have own pages in Opasnet?

Answer

Relevant results here (in Finnish).

+ Show code - Hide code

library(OpasnetUtils) # A package with Opasnet functionalities
library(xtable)       # A package with table formats
library(ggplot2)      # A package with fancy graph formats

objects.latest("Op_en5827", "initiate") # Get the latest ovariables from code calculations on page Op_en5918 (ERF of several environmental pollutions).
ERF

ERF 		<- EvalOutput(ERF, N = 3)
ERF@output$ERFResult <- as.numeric(as.character(ERF@output$ERFResult))
ERF@output <- ERF@output[colnames(ERF@output) != "Obs"]

print(xtable(ERF@output, digits = 4), type = 'html')

ggplot(ERF@output[ERF@output$ERF.Parameter == "RR" , ], # Show a bar chart
	aes(x = Pollutant, y = ERFResult, fill = Response.metric)) +
	geom_bar(position="dodge") + 
	theme_grey(base_size = 24) +
	theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

ggplot(ERF@output[ERF@output$ERF.Parameter == "UR" , ], # Show a bar chart
	aes(x = Health.impact, y = ERFResult, fill = Response.metric)) +
	geom_bar(position="dodge") + 
	theme_grey(base_size = 24) +
	theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

Rationale

Data

ERFs of environmental pollutants(-)
Obs	Exposure agent	Trait	Population	Age	Response metric	Exposure route	ERF parameter	Scaling	Exposure unit	ERF	Description
1	Indoor radon	Lung cancer	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	RR	None	/Bq	1.0016 (1.0005-1.0031)
2	PM2.5	Lung cancer	Whole population		Mortality	Inhalation	RR	None	µg/m3	1.014 (1.004-1.023)	Outdoor air, Pope et al. 2002
3	PM2.5	Cardiopulmonary	Whole population		Mortality	Inhalation	RR	None		1.009 (1.003-1.016)	Outdoor air, Pope et al. 2002
4	PM2.5	Total mortality	Whole population		Mortality	Inhalation	RR	None		1.0062 (1.0014-1.011)	Outdoor air
5	Chlorination byproducts	Bladder cancer	People using chlorinated surface water		Morbidity	Ingestion	RR	None	µg/l	1.0039 (1.00053-1.00722)
6	Chlorination byproducts	Bladder cancer	People using chlorinated surface water		Morbidity	Ingestion	RR	None	net rev/l	1.000029 (1-1.000072)
7	Arsenic	Bladder cancer	People using water from bore wells		Morbidity	Ingestion	RR	None	ug/l	1.002 (1-1.006)
8	Arsenic	Bladder cancer	People using wellwater in Pirkanmaa		Morbidity	Ingestion	RR	None	ug/l	1.002 (0.999-1.006)
9	Formaldehyde	Asthma	Whole population	<14	Morbidity	Inhalation	RR	None	µg/m3	1.0140743178
10	Dampness damage	Asthma	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	RR	None		1.37 (1.23-1.53)
11	Dampness damage	Lower respiratory symptoms	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	RR	None		1.5 (1.38-1.86)
12	Dampness damage	Upper respiratory symptoms	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	RR	None		1.7 (1.44-2)
13	Fluoride	Fluorosis	People living in Southern Finland using water with fluoride	<14	Morbidity	Ingestion	UR	None		0.125
14	Outdoor ozone	Total mortality	Whole population		Mortality	Inhalation	RR	None	ug/m3	1.000299596 (1.000099955-1.000399282)
15	Lead	Decrease of IQ (less than 70 points)	Whole population		Morbidity		UR	None		0.025
16	Lead	Increased bloodpressure	Whole population		Morbidity		UR	None		0.025
17	Formaldehyde	Nasal cancer	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	UR	None	ug/m3	0.000013
18	Formaldehyde at work	Nasal cancer	Population at working age		Morbidity	Inhalation	UR	None	ug/m3	0.000013
19	Benzene	Leukemia	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	UR	None	ug/m3	0.000005
20	Benzene at work	Leukemia	Population at working age		Morbidity	Inhalation	UR	None	m3/ug	0.000005
21	Quatzdust	Silicosis	Population at working age		Morbidity		UR	None	mg/m3	0.125 (0.125.-0.25)
22	Asbestos at work	Lung cancer and mesothelioma	Population at working age		Morbidity		UR	None		0.05 (0.01-0.1)
23	Noise at work	Hearing damage	Population at working age		Morbidity		UR	None		570	Medium noise (80-85 dB)
24	Noise at work	Hearing damage	Population at working age		Morbidity		UR	None		1320	Loud noise (>85 dB)
25	Outdoor ozone	Mild decreasing on general functioning	Whole population		Morbidity	Inhalation	UR	None	ug/m3	0.115 (0.044-0.186)

----#: . Check some translations (chlorinating, surrounding's tobacco smoke, fluorosis, dampness damage,Nose-pharynx cancers, Mild decreasing on general funtioning) --Heta 18:43, 12 October 2012 (EEST) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)
----#: . Note that ERFs for "Environmental tobacco smoke" were moved to Indoor environment quality (IEQ) factors page, where they belong to. --Marjo 13:56, 28 March 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Calculations

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library(OpasnetUtils)

d <- opbase.data("Op_en5827")
d$Obs <- NULL
colnames(d) <- gsub(" ", "_", colnames(d))
d$Result <- ifelse(d$Result == "", "0", as.character(d$Result))

ERF <- Ovariable("ERF", data = d[d$Observation == "ERF", colnames(d) != "Observation"])

threshold <- Ovariable("Threshold", data = d[d$Observation == "Threshold", colnames(d) != "Observation"])

objects.store(ERF, threshold)
cat("Ovariables ERF, threshold stored. Page: Op_en5827, code: initiate.\n")

References