User:Aishat Bukola Ayelotan

1) What is shared understanding? Shared understanding is a written template that expresses the views and opinions of all participants concerning a topic. It can also be referred to as situation when all participants have an understanding of options that are being considered in decision making, the objectives that are being pursued and the reason for adopting a particular decision option. • It can be of two types:

a.	between two people, in which one of the two is correctly able to express the opinion of the other and the rationale behind it
b.	among more than two people, in which the views of all the members are written.

• The main purpose is to identify and remove poor decision options from variety of opinions. • 'Shared workplace' is used for everyone participating in the development of the shared description. Thus, no form of separate reports. • Finally, it can only be called shared understanding when all the participants think that their views and opinions have been clearly and adequately described.

2) What are Co-creation skills? • These are collection of skills needed in open policy practice. They are important in producing good outcomes by managing decision making process. • Some of the skills found to be very important in practice include; Encouragement, Synthesis, Open data and Modelling. • Encouragement skill is a skill that help, motivate, convince, organise and encourage people to participate in decision process. • Synthesis is useful in producing information obtained in a more structured and useful format • Open data is used in transforming data into meaningful and readable forms. • Modelling is used in developing the actual assessment models using variables produced in open data and generic methods.

  However, in implementing these skills, some work spaces (Opasnet and Innovillage) are employed.

3) What are the properties of Good Assessment?

 These properties are 9 and are further classified into 3 categories as shown below; 

• Informativeness, Calibration and Coherence (Quality of content category) • Usability and Acceptability (Applicability category) • Intra-assessment efficiency and Inter-assessment efficiency (Efficiency category) • Quality of Content and Applicability explains the potential or ability of an assessment to achieve its intended outcomes while Efficiency describes the efficiency of how the potential is produced. • A good assessment is useful in binding modeling and assessment output with intended outcomes

←--#: . Good. --Jouni (talk) 10:07, 23 March 2015 (UTC) (type: truth; paradigms: science: defence)

----#: . You should use * instead of • to create bullet lists. --Jouni (talk) 10:07, 23 March 2015 (UTC) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Homework3

• With respect to Universal objects I quite agree with you that Assessment is one of the universal objects. However,in the classification of the Universal objects, Why can´t we classify Assessment into products and processes due to its structure and uses?
• What is the difference between the the different types of dose-response curves ; Michaelis-Menten and Hill equation?
• With respect to attributes, it was mentioned that some objects in open assessment have four attributes; Name, Question, Answer and Rationale with each attribute having three parts. Can you please expantiate more on the parts of the attributes.

Homework 5

1)What are the aims/goals of the strategy/program, i.e. what are the desired impacts and outcomes striven for?

The goal of the strategy is that in future, climate change should be considered and integrated into planning and development in the most appropriate way.

2)Who are those that benefit if the aims/goals of the strategy/program are reached?

authorities, businesses and citizens

3)What are the actions that are needed/intended to take in order to progress towards the aims/goals?

• timely individual adaptation to climate change
• political intiation of planned adaptation measures when autonomous adaptation is not optimal; by establishing organizational framework, a suitable climate research strategy and a strategic information campaign

4)Who are those that actually realize these actions?

Government,Individuals and International Organizations

5)What are the decisions that are needed to make in order to enable/promote the actions?

• goal-oriented information campaign to inspire the stakeholders and individuals to change their behaviour
• creation of web portal for climate change adaptation by the government to provide relevant knowledge to all stakeholders.
• the development of modelling tools for socio-economic evaluation of measures in theclimate change adaptation area
• establishment of a coordinating unit for research in climate change adaptation

6)Who are the decision makers?

Sectoral ministries, EU and international organizations

7)What direct or indirect health impacts, positive or negative, these decisions and actions (may) have?

• Extreme weather conditions may arise if adaptation decisions are not taken , which may lead to outbreak of diseases such as Influenza in temperate region and Cerebrospinal meningitis in tropical regions. These diseases outbreaks have significant impact such as econmic loss, reduction in population size etc
• Risk of protein deficiency in human nutrition as high temperature affects production of fisheries in natural ecosystem. It has been concluded that the cheapest source of protein is Fish and higher temperature affects phytoplanktons productivity, which then affects fish population (Food chain).

8)Formulate a plausible and meaningful specific assessment question that takes account of (some of) the aspects considered in above questions

• What are the measures to reduce climate change on environmental health?
• To what extent does climate change affects human health?

9)It represents shared understanding as our answers were discussed after deliberating on the article.