IRIS
This page provides a description and a link to a "IRIS" database that provides information needed when modeling exposure levels or performing exposure assessment.
Short description
IRIS is a database of human health effects that may result from exposure to various substances found in the environment. The heart of the IRIS system is its collection of computer files covering individual chemicals. These chemical files contain descriptive and quantitative information in the following categories: a) Oral reference doses and inhalation reference concentrations (RfDs and RfCs, respectively) for chronic noncarcinogenic health effects, b) Hazard identification, oral slope factors, and oral and inhalation unit risks for carcinogenic effects. Database includes over 500 chemicals.
Long description
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/irisfs.html
Link
Key words
human health effects, exposure, toxicology, carcinogenity, hazards
Data scrapping
IRIS database is accessible from this link: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/compare.cfm. The critical data can be obtained at once if all substances and all types of data are selected. A result is an html file with several tables from which the data can be scrapped and transformed into a better format. The January 4th, 2012, version was downloaded from IRIS and saved on this page (see the file below). Who could do this?
Reference system in IRIS database. The number (e.g. 0442) refers to the IRIS chemical identifier.
QuickView http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/quickview.cfm?substance_nmbr=0442#reforal Oral RfDs http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/quickview.cfm?substance_nmbr=0442#refinhal Inhalation RfCs http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/quickview.cfm?substance_nmbr=0442#woe Weight-of-Evidence Characterizations http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/quickview.cfm?substance_nmbr=0442#quaoral Oral Slope Factors/Drinking Water Unit Risks http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/quickview.cfm?substance_nmbr=0442#quainhal Inhalation Unit Risks
IRIS Summary http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0442.htm#reforal http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0442.htm#refinhal http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0442.htm#woe http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0442.htm#quaoral http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0442.htm#quainhal
Toxicological Review (PDF) http://www.epa.gov/iris/toxreviews/0128tr.pdf (this does not exist for many compounds)
An example
Oral RfDs were scrapped as an example (chemical starting with A) on Jan 4, 2012.
| Substance | CASRN | Critical Effect(s) | Oral RfD | Point of Departure(s)* | Overall Confidence | IRIS identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acenaphthene | 83-32-9 | Hepatotoxicity | 6 x10-2 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 175 mg/kg-day | Low | 0442 |
| Acenaphthylene | 208-96-8 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0443 | |||
| Acephate | 30560-19-1 | Inhibition of brain ChE | 4 x10-3 mg/kg-day | LEL: 0.12 mg/kg-day | High | 0354 |
| Acetaldehyde | 75-07-0 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0290 | |||
| Acetochlor | 34256-82-1 | Salivation, increased ALT and ornithine carbamyl transferase; significant increases in triglyceride and decreased blood glucose levels; histopathological changes in kidneys and testes of males | 2 x10-2 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 2 mg/kg-day | High | 0521 |
| Acetone | 67-64-1 | Nephropathy | 0.9 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 900 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0128 |
| Acetonitrile | 75-05-8 | Information reviewed but value not estimated. Refer to IRIS Summary. | 0205 | |||
| Acetophenone | 98-86-2 | General toxicity | 1 x10-1 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 423 mg/kg-day | Low | 0321 |
| Acetyl chloride | 75-36-5 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0518 | |||
| Acifluorfen, sodium | 62476-59-9 | Mortality and kidney lesions | 1.3 x10-2 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 1.25 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0192 |
| Acrolein | 107-02-8 | Decreased survival | 5 x10-4 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 0.05 mg/kg-day | Medium/High | 0364 |
| Acrylamide | 79-06-1 | Degenerative nerve changes | 0.002 mg/kg-day | HED (BMDL): 0.053 mg/kg-day | Medium/High | 0286 |
| Acrylic acid | 79-10-7 | Reduced pup weight | 5 x10-1 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 53 mg/kg-day | High | 0002 |
| Acrylonitrile | 107-13-1 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0206 | |||
| Adiponitrile | 111-69-3 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0515 | |||
| Alachlor | 15972-60-8 | Hemosiderosis, hemolytic anemia | 1 x10-2 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 1 mg/kg-day | High | 0129 |
| Alar | 1596-84-5 | No adverse effects | 1.5 x10-1 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 15 mg/kg-day | Low | 0287 |
| Aldicarb | 116-06-3 | Sweating as clinical sign of AChe inhibition (other effect: Clinical signs and symptoms of acetylcholinesterase inhibition including sweating, pinpoint pupils, leg weakness, and other effects Nausea, diarrhea, and other signs and symptoms ) | 1 x10-3 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 0.01 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0003 |
| Aldicarb sulfone | 1646-88-4 | Brain ChE inhibition in females | 1 x10-3 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 0.11 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0312 |
| Aldrin | 309-00-2 | Liver toxicity | 3 x10-5 mg/kg-day | LOAEL: 0.025 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0130 |
| Ally | 74223-64-6 | Decreased body weight | 2.5 x10-1 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 25 mg/kg-day | High | 0288 |
| Allyl alcohol | 107-18-6 | Impaired renal function and increased liver and kidney weights | 5 x10-3 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 4.8 mg/kg-day | Low | 0004 |
| Allyl chloride | 107-05-1 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0387 | |||
| Aluminum phosphide | 20859-73-8 | Body weight and clinical parameters | 4 x10-4 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 0.043 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0005 |
| Amdro | 67485-29-4 | Increased organ weights | 3 x10-4 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 0.33 mg/kg-day | High | 0207 |
| Ametryn | 834-12-8 | Liver toxicity | 9 x10-3 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 8.6 mg/kg-day | Low | 0208 |
| 4-Aminopyridine | 504-24-5 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0440 | |||
| Amitraz | 33089-61-1 | Increased mean blood sugar concentration; slight hypothermia | 2.5 x10-3 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 0.25 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0334 |
| Ammonia | 7664-41-7 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0422 | |||
| Ammonium acetate | 631-61-8 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0517 | |||
| Ammonium methacrylate | 16325-47-6 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0516 | |||
| Ammonium sulfamate | 7773-06-0 | Decrease in body weight | 2 x10-1 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 214.3 mg/kg-day | Low | 0007 |
| Aniline | 62-53-3 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0350 | |||
| ortho-Anisidine | 90-04-0 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0610 | |||
| Anthracene | 120-12-7 | No observed effects | 3 x10-1 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 1000 mg/kg-day | Low | 0434 |
| Antimony | 7440-36-0 | Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol | 4 x10-4 mg/kg-day | LOAEL: 0.35 mg/kg-day | Low | 0006 |
| Antimony trioxide | 1309-64-4 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0676 | |||
| Apollo | 74115-24-5 | Liver effects; organ weight changes | 1.3 x10-2 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 1.25 mg/kg-day | High | 0008 |
| Aramite | 140-57-8 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0473 | |||
| Aroclor 1016 | 12674-11-2 | Reduced birth weights | 7 x10-5 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 0.007 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0462 |
| Aroclor 1248 | 12672-29-6 | Information reviewed but value not estimated. Refer to IRIS Summary. | 0649 | |||
| Aroclor 1254 | 11097-69-1 | Ocular exudate, inflamed and prominent Meibomian glands, distorted growth of finger and toe nails; decreased antibody (IgG and IgM) response to sheep erythrocytes | 2 x10-5 mg/kg-day | LOAEL: 0.005 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0389 |
| Arsenic, inorganic | 7440-38-2 | Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible vascular complications | 3 x10-4 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 0.0008 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0278 |
| Arsine | 7784-42-1 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0672 | |||
| Asbestos | 1332-21-4 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0371 | |||
| Assure | 76578-14-8 | Liver cell enlargement | 9 x10-3 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 0.9 mg/kg-day | High | 0335 |
| Asulam | 3337-71-1 | Lower ovarian weight, lower liver/body weight | 5 x10-2 mg/kg-day | LEL: 50 mg/kg-day | Medium | 0284 |
| Atrazine | 1912-24-9 | Decreased body weight gain (other effect: Cardiac toxicity and moderate-to-severe dilation of the right atrium ) | 3.5 x10-2 mg/kg-day | NOAEL: 3.5 mg/kg-day | High | 0209 |
| Avermectin B1 | 65195-55-3 | Increased retinal folds in weanlings, decreased viability and lactation indices, decreased pup body weight, increase of dead pups at birth | 4 x10-4 mg/kg-day | NOEL: 0.12 mg/kg-day | High | 0381 |
| Azobenzene | 103-33-3 | Not Assessed under the IRIS program | 0351 |
References
Related files
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