User:Soroushm

DARM 2013, Homework 1

1. What is the main purpose of environmental health assessment?

environmental health assessment is a tool which is used for decision making in order to analyse environmental issues and model those factors which affect the human health. in other words environmental assessment talks about actions and decisions that required to be done by decision makers to carry out the appropriate scientific knowledge and has got the a big impact on the environment health.

2. What is pragmatism?

is an idea which is used in environmental health risk assessment to merge the knowledge, innovation and practice according to people' thoughts and ideas in order to decide what actions have to be taken. in fact it is one part of the social process to use the knowledge in our everyday life. ----#: . Good interpretation of the concept in the context of environmental health assessment/policy. More generally pragmatism, means that knowledge and action can not be separated from each other. --Mikko Pohjola 11:15, 28 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

7. What is impact assessment?

evaluation of all environmental factors that can have a big impact on the environment as well as living creatures and vegetation called impact assessment. in this topic social as well as economic factors must be taken into account. when some projects are about to be implemented decision makers and environmentalist must consider these factors to make sure that there is no threat for human and environment health and for society. ----#: . In principle, impact assessments can look at any kinds of impacts. It is the problem at hand that determines, which impacts, e.g. health, environment, economic, are of interest. There are specific approaches developed to health, environmental and other impact assessment, but in principle the basic idea is usually the same. --Mikko Pohjola 11:15, 28 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

←--#: . Good answers. --Mikko Pohjola 11:15, 28 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: defence)

Homework 3

... User:Adnank

Scope:

With the increase in the pollution and emissions in kuopio it is necessary to adopt to alternative renewable energy sources and environmental friendly fuels so that the emissions will be reduced.

Question

What are the best suitable ways to reduce the green houses gases and other emissions? .what kind of energy must be used? what are their effects on health and well being?

----#: . You can leave the alternatives open and go for any emission reduction techniques. But then the scope of your assessment is very large and it will be difficult to leave anything out, causing a lot of work. --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Intended use and users

1. City of kuopio

2. Stakeholders

3. Citizens of kuopio

4. Energy companies.

It is important for people of kuopio to know about ongoing project in their city for public. also city of kuopio requires to know the information regarding the use of the energy sources because they need to invest money and satisfy the public. participation

←--#: . Awareness of people about the assessment is an important point. --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: defence)

Participants

1. University of Eastern Finland

2. Citizens

3. Energies companies

4. Adnan and Soroush

Scenarios

It is really crucial to figure out what options are appropriate to reduce the emissions. like using clean environmental fuel such as CNG instead of petrol in public transportation. using vehicles with electric power could be another option. Using solar energ and wind energy, using bio gas.

Analyses

There are some statistical programs like R-tool and SPSS are used to get good information.

----#: . The question here is, what statistical analyses you will do with your data, not what software you will use. --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Answer

Results

By using electric and clean energies in cars and public transportation as well as renewable energies, we reduce the emissions by 70-90 percent.

⇤--#: . The results are not known before the assessment is done. You can describe here, what kind of results you expect. --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: attack)

Conclusion

by using environmentally-friendly fuels as well as alternative sources of energies such as solar power, wind power, biomass or hydroelectric power, we can make kuopio free from GHG although 70-90 percent.

Rationale

Endpoints

1. City of kuopio

2. Citizens

3. THL

4. Universities and business community

⇤--#: . These are not endpoints. Endpoints are things that the decision maker is interested in, such as health impacts, costs, and GHG emissions. Also, "Endpoints" is about how to compare these things. --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: attack)

What are the endpoints that a stakeholder is interested in? How would the stakeholder summarise the endpoints to derive an overall preference ranking for outcomes of decision options? Think about this separately for each stakeholder. stakeholders interested in reduction of the emissions because the physical and mental well being of the city will be increased.

Variables

Money and investment

Health impact

Types of chemicals and emissions

----#: . It's a good start, but try to be more specific and comprehensive. --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

What emissions and exposures should be considered?

Traffic emissions Emissions from industries Emissions from construction sites and burning activities

What health endpoints should be considered?

lung cancer

Terminal disease

Asthma

Eye irritation

What exposure-response functions should be considered?

It would be better to measure the concentration of toxicity for the safe level

----#: . How would you use the safe level in an assessment? --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

What population subgroups should be considered?

People with asthma and respiratory problems

Children and the elderly

----#: . What about other groups, such as the whole population? --Jouni 06:55, 21 January 2013 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

Soroush Majlesi- Adnan Khan Ahmad