Unit conversions

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The code related to this tool is now a part of Opasnet (R library).

Question

How to convert data from one unit to another in R?

We need conversion factors, which are listed below, and a code that does the actual conversion.

Unit conversions(-)
Obs	From	To	Type	Result	Description
1			Prefix	1
2	da		Prefix	10	deca
3	h		Prefix	100	hecto
4	k		Prefix	1000	kilo
5	M		Prefix	1e+6	mega
6	G		Prefix	1e+9	giga
7	T		Prefix	1e+12	tera
8	P		Prefix	1e+15	peta
9	E		Prefix	1e+18	exa
10	Z		Prefix	1e+21	zetta
11	Y		Prefix	1e+24	yotta
12	d		Prefix	0.1	deci
13	c		Prefix	0.01	centi
14	m		Prefix	0.001	milli
15	μ		Prefix	1e-6	micro
16	u		Prefix	1e-6	micro
17	n		Prefix	1e-9	nano
18	p		Prefix	1e-12	pico
19	f		Prefix	1e-15	femto
20	a		Prefix	1e-18	atto
21	z		Prefix	1e-21	zepto
22	y		Prefix	1e-24	yocto
23	J	J	Unit	1	Joule, the base unit for energy
24	Wh	J	Unit	3600	1 Wh = 1 Wh * 3600 s/h = 3600 Ws = 3600 MJ
25	toe	J	Unit	3.5e+10	1 toe = 1000 kgoe = 1000 kg * 35 MJ/kg = 35000 MJ (energy as tons of oil equivalent)
26	g	g	Unit	1	gram, the base unit for mass (although the definition is based on kg)
27	ton	g	Unit	1e+6	metric ton
28	tn	g	Unit	1e+6	metric ton
29	s	s	Unit	1	second, the base unit for time
30	min	s	Unit	60	minute
31	h	s	Unit	3600	hour
32	d	s	Unit	86400	day
33	a	s	Unit	31557600	year (assuming 365.25 days per year)
34	m	m	Unit	1	metre, the base unit of length
35	in	m	Unit	0.0254	inch (strangely, some people still use these)
36	ft	m	Unit	0.3048	foot = 12 inches
37	mi	m	Unit	1609.344	mile = 5280 feet
38	m3	m3	Unit	1	cubic metre, the basic unit of colume
39	l	m3	Unit	0.001	litre
40	m^3	m3	Unit	1

out <- convert.units(amount, tounit, fromunit)

cat(paste(amount, fromunit, "=", out$Result, out$Unit, "\n"))