Hämeenkyrö MSWI risk assessment: Fine particles: Difference between revisions

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(Variables reformed to describe the whole PM chain more coherently)
(page reverted to the form of sep 28th)
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====PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions in Hämeenkyrö====
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions in Hämeenkyrö====
Päivi


{{var  
{{var  
|Name        = PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions in Hämeenkyrö
|Name        = PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions in Hämeenkyrö
|Focus      = Current PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from all sources in Hämeenkyrö.
|Focus      = Existing PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from all the sources in Hämeenkyrö.
|Scope      = Annual emissions. Emissions from the sources in Hämeenkyrö municipality area only.  
|Scope      = Annual emissions. Emissions from the sources in Hämeenkyrö municipality area only.  
|Description = PM<sub>2.5</sub>  means particles with diameter less than 2,5 µm. Important sources of these fine particles are domestic combustion, traffic, industries and energy production. There are some quite large industries and power plants (e.g. M-Real Kyro cardboard factory, Finnforest Oyj sawmill and Kyro gas power plant) that also cause fine particle emissions.
|Description = PM<sub>2.5</sub>  means particles with diameter less than 2,5 µm. Important sources of these fine particles are domestic combustion, traffic, industries and energy production. There are some quite large industries and power plants (e.g. M-Real Kyro cardboard factory, Finnforest Oyj sawmill and Kyro gas power plant) that also cause fine particle emissions.
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*emission (M-real)
*emission (M-real)
*emission (Finnforest)
*emission (Finnforest)
*emission (Kyro power plant)
*emission (Kyro power plant
*emission (others)
*emission (others)
|Definition  = Total emissions = emission (domestic combustion) + emission (traffic) + emission (M-real) + emission (Finnforest) + emission (Kyro power plant) + emission (others)
|Definition  = Total emissions = emission (domestic combustion) + emission (traffic) + emission (M-real) + emission (Finnforest) + emission (Kyro power plant) + emission (others)
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}}
}}


====PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI====
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI, biofuel plant, and natural gas plant in Hämeenkyrö====
Tommi


{{var  
{{var  
|Name        = PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI
|Name        = PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI, biofuel plant, and natural gas plant in Hämeenkyrö
|Focus      = Gives PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions for the three power plants according to their actual/planned production
|Focus      = Gives PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions for the three power plants according to their actual/planned production
|Scope      = Annual PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions for each power plant.
|Scope      = Annual PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions for each power plant.
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|Result      =  
|Result      =  
|References  = [[http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/pm25inventory/concepts.html| Here you can find and install the FIRE software among other things]]
|References  = [[http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/pm25inventory/concepts.html| Here you can find and install the FIRE software among other things]]
}}
====Intake fraction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from Hämeenkyrö====
{{var
|Name        = Intake fraction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from Hämeenkyrö
|Focus      = Intake fraction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from Hämeenkyrö
|Scope      = Emission from a high stack in Hämeenkyrö, exposed population anywhere in Europe. Exposure within one month from the emission.
|Description = Intake fraction (iF) means the fraction of an emission that is finally inhaled or ingested by a target population. There are several studies about estimates of iF for primary fine particles. These are often in the order of one in a million; values are higher for traffic than for other sources. Tainio and coworkers have estimated iFs for Finnish emissions derived from different source categories, including energy production plants.
Fine particles travel in the atmosphere for several days or weeks, and several hundred or thousand kilometres from the source. Therefore, most of the exposure occurs far from the source, unless the exposure very near (less than 100 m) is very intensive. In the case of a MSWI with a high stack, the exposure very near the source is negligible. This is especially true for secondary particles that only form in the atmosphere during several hours or days.
|Inputs      =
|Index      = Particle type
|Definition  =
|Unit        = -
|Result      = Different particle types:
*0.6*10<sup>-6</sup> (primary particles)
*less clear but probably lower, maybe in the order of 0.1--0.5*10<sup>-6</sup> (secondary particles)
|References  = Tainio et al., Kopra project. Fine-loppuseminaari 3/2006.
}}
}}


====Baseline PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure in Hämeenkyrö====
====Baseline PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure in Hämeenkyrö====
Anne K


{{var  
{{var  
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E<sub>ag</sub> = C<sub>a</sub> * (F<sub>o</sub> + F<sub>i</sub> x F<sub>inf</sub>)  
E<sub>ag</sub> = C<sub>a</sub> * (F<sub>o</sub> + F<sub>i</sub> x F<sub>inf</sub>)  
|Unit        = ug/m3
|Unit        = ug/m3
|Result      =  E<sub>ag</sub> is dominated by home ventilation and are estimated from ambient concentrations (C<sub>a</sub>) multiplied by the fraction of time spent outdoors (F<sub>o</sub>) and the fraction of time spent indoors (F<sub>i</sub>) modified by the particle infiltration efficiency (F<sub>inf</sub>).(WHO, 2006.)
|Result      =  Eag is dominated by home ventilation and are estimated from ambient concentrations (Ca) multiplied by the fraction of time spent outdoors (F<sub>o</sub>) and the fraction of time spent indoors (F<sub>i</sub>) modified by the particle infiltration efficiency (F<sub>inf</sub>).(WHO, 2006.)
Mean personal daytime exposure in Helsinki were 8-11 ug/m3 (Koistinen 2002). In Europe average fairly uniform rural background concentrations were 11-13ug/m3,15-20 ug/m3 in urban background and 20-30 ug/m3 at traffic sites (WHO, 2006.).   
Mean personal daytime exposure in Helsinki were 8-11 ug/m3 (Koistinen 2002). In Europe average fairly uniform rural background concentrations were 11-13ug/m3,15-20 ug/m3 in urban background and 20-30 ug/m3 at traffic sites (WHO, 2006.).   


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[[http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6980/6980.html]]
[[http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6980/6980.html]]
}}
====Intake fraction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from Hämeenkyrö====
{{var
|Name        = Intake fraction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from Hämeenkyrö
|Focus      = Intake fraction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from Hämeenkyrö
|Scope      = Emission from a high stack in Hämeenkyrö, exposed population anywhere in Europe. Exposure within one month from the emission.
|Description = Intake fraction (iF) means the fraction of an emission that is finally inhaled or ingested by a target population. There are several studies about estimates of iF for primary fine particles. These are often in the order of one in a million; values are higher for traffic than for other sources. Tainio and coworkers have estimated iFs for Finnish emissions derived from different source categories, including energy production plants.
Fine particles travel in the atmosphere for several days or weeks, and several hundred or thousand kilometres from the source. Therefore, most of the exposure occurs far from the source, unless the exposure very near (less than 100 m) is very intensive. In the case of a MSWI with a high stack, the exposure very near the source is negligible. This is especially true for secondary particles that only form in the atmosphere during several hours or days.
|Inputs      =
|Index      = Particle type
|Definition  =
|Unit        = -
|Result      = Different particle types:
*0.6*10<sup>-6</sup> (primary particles)
*less clear but probably lower, maybe in the order of 0.1--0.5*10<sup>-6</sup> (secondary particles)
|References  = Tainio et al., Kopra project. Fine-loppuseminaari 3/2006.
}}
}}


====PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure due to MSWI in Hämeenkyrö ====
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure due to MSWI in Hämeenkyrö ====
Terhi Y


{{var  
{{var  
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==== PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure-response function on population level====
==== PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure-response function on population level====
Sari M./Anu T.


{{var  
{{var  
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http://es.epa.gov/ncer/rfa/2004/2004_pm_research.html
http://es.epa.gov/ncer/rfa/2004/2004_pm_research.html
}}
====Health effects of exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI====
{{var
|Name        = Health effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        = 
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Health effects of baseline PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure====


{{var
|Name        = Health effects of baseline PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        = 
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
}}

Revision as of 11:56, 19 October 2006

See the main page of this assessment: Hämeenkyrö MSWI risk assessment: General

PM2.5 emissions in Hämeenkyrö

Päivi

PM2.5 emissions in Hämeenkyrö

PM2.5 emissions from MSWI, biofuel plant, and natural gas plant in Hämeenkyrö

Tommi

PM2.5 emissions from MSWI, biofuel plant, and natural gas plant in Hämeenkyrö

Baseline PM2.5 exposure in Hämeenkyrö

Anne K

Baseline PM2.5 exposure in Hämeenkyrö

Intake fraction for PM2.5 emissions from Hämeenkyrö

Intake fraction for PM2.5 emissions from Hämeenkyrö


PM2.5 exposure due to MSWI in Hämeenkyrö

Terhi Y

PM2.5 exposure-response function on population level

Sari M./Anu T.

PM2.5 exposure-response function on population level
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