Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator: Difference between revisions

From Opasnet
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(→‎Objective: imagemap added)
 
(116 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator''' contains a structured risk assessment of a plan to build a MSWI in Hämeenkyrö. There will be a public vote related to a city planning decision: whether the municipality should plan an area for the plant or not. The vote will be held in November 19, 2006.  
'''Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator''' contains a structured risk assessment of a plan to build a MSWI in Hämeenkyrö. There was a public vote related to a city planning decision: whether the municipality should plan an area for the plant or not. The vote was held in November 19, 2006.  


===Objective===
This risk assessment consists of several pages, and the links to all of these pages can be found from a category page [[:Category:Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator]].




[[image:Hameenkyropyrkilo.PNG]]
{{var
|Name        = RA of Hämeenkyrö MSWI
|Focus      = Health risk assessment related to the effects of the planned MSWI plant in Hämeenkyrö. (draft) {{Disclink|Discussion on the focus of Hämeenkyrö MSWI risk assessment}}
|Scope      = Health of the population in Hämeenkyrö especially, and in Southern Finland in general. Time scope: next 20 years (draft){{Disclink|Discussion on the scope of Hämeenkyrö MSWI risk assessment}}
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
'''Empty variable template'''
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
===General variables===
{{var
|Name        = Optimizing rules
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description = Optimizing rules, general (disagreement)
#Utilitarian optimizing
#Egalitarian optimizing
#Elitist optimizing
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
#Precautionary principle (disagreement)
## PP based on expected value, general
## PP based on worst-case or another 'conservative' scenario, general
## PP applied to emissions of municipal solid wasti incinerator (MSWI) in Hämeenkyrö
#Intake fraction (disambiguation)
##iF based on measured concentration fields
##iF based on exposure monitoring
##iF based on shortcuts
===Fine particle variables===
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions in Hämeenkyrö====
Päivi
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from MSWI, biofuel plant, and natural gas plant in Hämeenkyrö====
Tommi
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Baseline PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure in Hämeenkyrö====
Anne K
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure due to MSWI in Hämeenkyrö ====
Terhi Y
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      = Describes the variables affecting the personal exposure to MSWI-produced PM<sub>2.5</sub> (and links the exposure to dose)
|Scope      = Exact numerical values would require knowledge of the meteorological, geographical etc. data of Hämeenkyrö area and extensive modeling so not included here; certain concentration assumed and dose calculated from it
|Description = Data needed to evaluate the personal exposure
# Data needed to model the PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration distribution around the MSWI:
## The emission produced by MSWI
## Stack height and location of MSWI in relation to municipality
## Meteorological data: average (e.g. daily) temperatures, wind speeds and directions, solar radiation etc.
## Geographical data: vegetation, elevations, town build, lakes etc.
## ...
# Data needed to convert exposure to dose:
## inhalable fraction of PM<sub>2.5</sub>
## concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> around the person in the locations the person moves in
## times spend in different locations
## breathing rate of the person
## weight of the person
## ...
Also required: the background concentration. Some values available for comparison: Urban US highest PM<sub>2.5</sub> concs 20-30 mikrog/m<sup>3</sup>, concentration in Helsinki over several years 8-11 mikrog/m<sup>3</sup>, non-urban US concs 1-6 mikrog/m<sup>3</sup> (Koistinen 2002). Thus, small Finnish town: maybe 7 mikrog/m<sup>3</sup>?
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =List of references does not include articles referred to within the reference...
# Koistinen, Kimmo (2002). Exposure of an urban adult population to PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Methods, determination and sources. Publications of the National Public Health Institute A3/2002.
}}
====PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure-response function on population level ====
Sari
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
===Dioxin variables===
====Dioxin emissions in Hämeenkyrö ====
Virpi
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Baseline dioxin exposure in Hämeenkyrö ====
Marjo
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Dioxin exposure due to MSWI in Hämeenkyrö ====
Martin
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Dioxin exposure-response function on population level ====
Sanna
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
===Indicator variables===
*Decisions related to Hämeenkyrö case
*Possible indicators (optimising variables) in Hämeenkyrö
====Well-being of the population (smells, comfort, noise) ====
Kari  Auri
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      = factors/Issues affecting peoples living comfortability in Hämeenkyrö etc. noise, smell, social factors(?)
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Effects on economy (esp. gas energy plant)  ====
Juha
{{var
|Name        = Effects on economy
|Focus      = Factors related how plant affects to economy in Pirkanmaa and Kyrönkoski area
|Scope      = 10 - 20 years?
|Description =
How new municipal solid waste incinerator affects to economy? Waste incinerator is going to be a quite significant employer in Hämeenkyrö. It is also noted that price of gas energy is rising so it might be necessary to build the waste incinerator to guarantee low priced energy for M-real cardboard factory and Finnforest sawmill. Shutdown of either of these factory could be devastating to Hämeenkyrö's economy (employs over 300 persons). Shutdown of gas energy plant is not crucial (employs only 24 people).
|Inputs      = Data
* Persons employed
** gas energy plant (24 person)
** starting phase of the municipal solid waste incinerator (50 - 60 person-year)
** working phase of municipal solid waste incinerator (60 - 70 persons)
** M-Real cardboard factory (335 persons)
** Finnforest Sawmill (? persons)
* Tax incomes
** directly to Hämeenkyrö
** directly to Pirkanmaa
** indirect taxes (Sawmill, cardboard factory and waste incinerator)
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        = € or employed persons
|Result      = Worst-case scenario:
* No waste incinerator or bioplant, shutdown of both factories and gas plant
** Over 300 person '''less''' are employed
Best-case scenario:
* Waste incinerator is builded, both factories and gas plant remains
** over 70 persons '''more''' are employed
OK-case scenario:
* Waste incinerator is builded, both factories remains, gas plant is shut down
** about 50 persons '''more''' are employed
|References  =
}}
====Transportation costs of waste ====
Anne
{{var
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}
====Health effects of dioxins and PM<sub>2.5</sub> ====
Anu T
{{var
|Name        = Health effects
|Focus      = effects of dioxins and  PM<sub>2.5</sub> on human health
|Scope      = probable short-term and long-term health effects among Hämeenkyrö inhabitants caused by dioxins and PM<sub>2.5</sub> originating from the Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator
|Description =
'''Dioxins''' are a group of polychlorinated dibenzo-''p''-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-''p''-dioxin (TCDD) is the most toxic PCDD/Fs congener, and it is classified as a known human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
*Health effects related to '''short-term exposure'''
**skin lesions
**altered liver function
*Health effects related to '''long-term exposure'''
**impairment of the immune system
**impairment of the developing nervous system
**impairment of the endocrine system
**impairment of reproductive functions
**increased cancer risk (evidence from animal studies)
'''Sensitive subgroups''': foetuses, newborns, individuals with high fish consumption, individuals working in incineration plants etc.
'''PM<sub>2.5</sub>''' are fine particles less than 2.5 μm in diameter.
*Health effects related to '''short-term exposure'''
**respiratory symptoms
**adverse cardiovascular effects
**increased medication usage
**increased number of hospital admissions
**increased mortality
*Health effects related to '''long-term exposure'''
**increased incidence of respiratory symptoms
**reduction in lung function
**increased incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
**reduction in life expectancy
***increased cardiopulmonary mortality
***increased lung cancer mortality
Of these, the long-term effects have more relevance to public health.
'''Sensitive subgroups''': children, the elderly, individuals with heart and lung disease, individuals who are active outdoors
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
Dioxins: tolerable daily intake (TDI) is 1-4 pg/kg body weight
PM<sub>2.5</sub>: 6% change in mortality hazards (95% CI 2-11%) per each 10 µg/m<sup>3</sup> elevation in PM<sub>2.5</sub> air pollution
|References  = Health aspects of air pollution. Results from the WHO project "Systematic review of health aspects of air pollution in Europe". World Health Organization, 2004. http://www.euro.who.int/document/E83080.pdf
Pope et al. 2002. Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA 287 (9), 1132-1141.
Service Contract for Carrying out Cost-Benefit Analysis of Air Quality Related Issues, in particular in the Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme. Volume 2: Health Impact Assessment. AEA Technology Environment, 2005. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/cafe/pdf/cba_methodology_vol2.pdf
}}
===Miscellaneous variables===
*Secondary effects on waste separation, recycling etc.)


===Objective===


====Municipal solid waste production in Häme ====
Pasi K


{{var
Health risk assessment related to the effects of the planned MSWI plant in Hämeenkyrö. Health of the population in Hämeenkyrö especially, and in Southern Finland in general. The scope contains a) the background risk due to the key emissions and b) the incremental risk due to the building and operation of the MSWI. Time scope: next 20 years (draft)
|Name        =
|Focus      =
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}


====Existing MSWI plants and current plans in southern Finland ====
<imagemap>
Marjaleena
Image:Hameenkyropyrkilo.PNG|


{{var
rect 554 160 661 213 [[Variable:Well-being in Hämeenkyrö due to MSWI|Well-being]]
|Name        =
rect 562 100 659 157 [[Variable:Effects of Hämeenkyrö MSWI on economy|Economy]]
|Focus      =
rect 558 352 662 405 [[Variable:Climatic effects of Hämeenkyrö MSWI|Climatic effects of Hämeenkyrö MSWI]]
|Scope      =
rect 159 111 261 236 [[Variable:Options with the Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator|Options with the Hämeenkyrö MSWI]]
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}


====Background of waste production and its relations to EU directive ====
desc bottom-left
Eva
</imagemap>


{{var
[[Category:Policy options]]
|Name        =
[[Category:Risk assessments]]
|Focus      =
[[Category:Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator]]
|Scope      =
|Description =
|Inputs      =
|Index      =
|Definition  =
|Unit        =
|Result      =
|References  =
}}

Latest revision as of 21:17, 31 May 2007

Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator contains a structured risk assessment of a plan to build a MSWI in Hämeenkyrö. There was a public vote related to a city planning decision: whether the municipality should plan an area for the plant or not. The vote was held in November 19, 2006.

This risk assessment consists of several pages, and the links to all of these pages can be found from a category page Category:Risk assessment on Hämeenkyrö municipal solid waste incinerator.


Objective

Health risk assessment related to the effects of the planned MSWI plant in Hämeenkyrö. Health of the population in Hämeenkyrö especially, and in Southern Finland in general. The scope contains a) the background risk due to the key emissions and b) the incremental risk due to the building and operation of the MSWI. Time scope: next 20 years (draft)

Well-beingEconomyClimatic effects of Hämeenkyrö MSWIOptions with the Hämeenkyrö MSWI
Retrieved from "https://en.opasnet.org/index.php?title=Risk_assessment_on_Hämeenkyrö_municipal_solid_waste_incinerator&oldid=2669"