View source for Evaluating impact on risk of unauthorised or unintentional dissemination

[[Category:Impact assessment]]
[[Category:IA Tools]]
{{method|moderator=Heta}}

==Scope==

Does the option affect the risk of unauthorised or unintentional dissemination of environmentally alien or genetically modified organisms?<ref name="rain">JRC: IA TOOLS. Supporting inpact assessment in the European Commission. [http://iatools.jrc.ec.europa.eu/bin/view/IQTool/AlienOrGanisms.html]</ref> 

==Definition==

There are two EU Directives and three Regulations on GMOs (genetically modified organisms). Regulation of dissemination aspects is addressed in the "Directive 2001/18 on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms" and the "Regulation 1829/2003 on GM food and feed" regulating the placing of food and feed products (containing or consisting of GMOs) on the market and the Directive 90/219/EEC, on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms (GMOs).<ref name="rain"/>

Under Directive 2001/18/EC, a company intending to market a GMO has to pass through an application, information and authorisation procedure, including a full environmental risk assessment, control through the competent national authority of the Member State, information of the other Member States via the European Commission, assessment through independent Scientific Panels if any objections are raised, proposal of a draft legislative Decision, which the Regulatory Committee decides on and decision through the Council of Ministers if necessary. The public is also informed and has access to data on the internet. Through the whole procedure unintended dissemination of GMOs shall be inhibited and possible unfavorable effects of released species shall be prevented.<ref name="rain"/>

==Result==

Indicators:

There are no Eurostat Structural Indicators directly related to this key question.

There are no Eurostat Sustainable Development Indicators directly related to this key question.

Additional Links<ref name="rain"/>

European Environment Agency Indicators

[http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators EEA Water Indicators]

covers inter alia

*[http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators/BDIV07d%2C2003.1010 Non-indigenous species in rivers and lakes] (Data covering Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK for 2003)<ref name="rain"/>

When using organic farming instead of conventional farming, the risk of unauthorised or unintentional dissemination of environmentally alien or genetically modified organisms declines significant and therefore the EEA Agriculture Indicator "Share of organic farming in total agricultural area" may provide valuable information on the feasibility of this risk.

*[http://themes.eea.eu.int/Sectors_and_activities/agriculture/indicators/organic/index_html Share of organic farming in total agricultural area] (Data covering EEA member countries for 1985-1999)

[http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/biotechnology/index_en.htm European Commission Information on Biotechnology]<ref name="rain"/>

==See also==

[http://iatools.jrc.ec.europa.eu/bin/view/IQTool/AlienOrGanisms.html IA TOOLS]

==References==

<references/>

This text is for information only and is not designed to interpret or replace any reference documents.