View source for Acute respiratory tract infections

[[Category:Health effects]]
{{template:Heimtsa incidence database|moderator=Teemu R}}
==Scope==
What is the incidence of acute respiratory tract infections in the general population?

==Definition==
{| {{prettytable}}
! Rate (age, sex ratio)
! Context (population size studied, location, date data taken, end-point measured)
! Definition of end-point
! Reference
|----
| 
{| {{prettytable}} style="text-align:center"
| colspan="10"| Incidence rates of first episodes of GP-diagnosed respiratory tract infections per 1000 person-years
|---- 
|
| All
| M  
| F
| 0–4 years 
| 5–14 yrs 
| 15–49 yrs 
| 50–64 yrs
| 65–74 years 
| &gt;74 years 
|----
| colspan="10"| Upper respiratory tract infections
|----
| Acute otitis media 
| 15.6 
| 16.3 
| 15.0 
| 135.9 
| 33.5 
| 5.4 
| 3.2 
| 2.7 
| 1.6 
|----
| Rhinitis 
| 51.0 
| 45.1 
| 57.5 
| 211.5 
| 47.6 
| 40.3 
| 39.3 
| 41.7 
| 41.9 
|----
| Acute sinusitis 
| 22.7 
| 15.7 
| 29.9 
| 2.9 
| 7.4 
| 29.7 
| 25.8 
| 17.2 
| 9.6 
|----
| Acute tonsillitis 
| 10.2 
| 8.7 
| 11.7 
| 25.8 
| 13.6 
| 12.0 
| 3.2 
| 2.3 
| 0.8 
|----
| Acute laryngitis 
| 4.5 
| 4.0 
| 5.1 
| 16.2 
| 2.6 
| 3.5 
| 5.2 
| 4.5 
| 3.7 
|----
| colspan="10"| Lower respiratory tract infections
|----
| Acute bronchitis 
| 19.9 
| 18.6 
| 21.5 
| 55.4 
| 14.0 
| 12.8 
| 21.8 
| 31.8 
| 42.0 
|----
| Influenza 
| 2.2 
| 2.2 
| 2.2 
| 1.8 
| 1.9 
| 2.4 
| 2.3 
| 1.6 
| 2.4 
|----
| Pneumonia 
| 6.4 
| 6.7 
| 6.2 
| 16.6 
| 4.8 
| 3.2 
| 6.1 
| 12.5 
| 21.6 
|----
| Asthma /COPD exacerb. 
| 1.4 
| 1.4 
| 1.5 
| 3.7 
| 1.0 
| 0.7 
| 1.5 
| 3.5 
| 3.7 
|----
|}
| Netherlands, 90 computerized general practices with 358 008 patients recorded consecutive patient contacts in a 12-month period between May 2000 and April 2002, doctor diagnosed ARIs
| Defined URTI GP-diagnoses as occurrence of acute otitis media (ICPC code H71), acute rhinitis (R74), acute sinusitis (R75), acute tonsillitis (R76) and acute laryngitis (R77). LRTI GP diagnoses defined as acute bronchitis (R78), influenza (R80), pneumonia (R81) or exacerbations of asthma or COPD (R78) 
| <ref>E Hak, MM Rovers, MM Kuyvenhoven, FG Schellevis and TJM Verheij. Incidence of GP-diagnosed respiratory tract infections according to age, gender and high-risk co-morbidity: the Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice. Family Practice Advance Access published on 7 February 2006.</ref> 
|----
|
{| {{prettytable}} style="text-align:center"
| Variables 
| Number 
|----
| Total ARI 
| 984 (100)* 
|----
| Fever 
| 238 (24.2) 
|----
| Runny/blocked nose 
| 945 (96.0) 
|----
| Cough 
| 756 (76.8) 
|----
| Rattly or wheezy chest 
| 329 (33.4) 
|----
| Wheeze present 
| 95 (9.7) 
|----
| Upper respiratory infections† 
| 655 (66.6) 
|----
| Lower respiratory infections 
| 329 (33.4) 
|----
| Nonwheezy LRI† 
| 234 (23.8) 
|----
| Wheezy LRI† 
| 95 (9.7) 
|----
| Physician visit 
| 478 (48.6) 
|----
| Hospitalization 
| 17 (1.7) 
|----
| RSV 
| 5 (29.4)‡ 
|----
| Rhinoviruses 
| 3 (17.6)‡ 
|----
| Parainfluenza 3 
| 1 (5.9)‡ 
|----
| Influenza 
| 1 (5.9)‡ 
|----
| Parainfluenza and RSV 
| 1 (5.9)‡ 
|----
| Adenovirus 
| 1 (5.9)‡ 
|----
| No virus detected 
| 5 (29.4)‡ 
|----
| colspan="2"| *Numbers in parentheses, percent. <br/>†Mutually exclusive. <br/>‡As % of hospitalized. 
|----
| colspan="2"| The majority reported 2–5 episodes of ARI in the first year (range = 0–11 episodes; mean = 4.1).
|----
|}
| Study conducted btw July 1996 and July 1999, 263 infants at high risk of atopy (i.e. at least 1 parent with a doctor-diagnosed history of asthma, hay fever or eczema) followed until they reached 1yo. Australia, all ARIs.
| Parent diagnosed
| <ref>Merci M. H. Kusel, Nicholas H. de Klerk, Patrick G. Holt, Tatiana Kebadze, Sebastian L. Johnston, and Peter D. Sly. Role of Respiratory Viruses in Acute Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in the First Year of Life: A Birth Cohort Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006;25: 680–686</ref>
|----
|}

==Result==

{{resultlink}}

==See also==
Wheeze studies<br/>
[[Prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus infection in italian infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infections]]<br/>
[[Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection Among Healthy Children and Children Hospitalised with Pneumonia in Greece]]<br/>
[[Prevalence of respiratory pathogens in children hospitalised with lower respiratory tract infection in Greece]]<br/>
[[Understanding the socioeconomic burden of human metapneumovirus in childhood]]<br/>
[[Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections: prevalence and risk factors in 14 Greek hospitals]]<br/>
[[Human Metapneumovirus Associated with Respiratory Tract Infections in a 3-Year Study of Nasal Swabs from Infants in Italy]]

==Related files==

{{mfiles}}

==References==

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