View source for ERF of ambient temperature on mortality

{{variable|moderator=Teemu R}}

== Scope ==

Exposure-response relationship for short-term ambient heat exposure and mortality.

'''Dimensions and boundaries relevant for the variable

*Cause of death
*Country/other geographic area (differences in heat exposure/effects due to climate, physiological, cultural or behavioral factors)
*Age of exposed population

== Definition ==

=== Data ===

'''PHEWE-project <ref>Baccini M, Biggeri A, Accetta G, Kosatsky T, Katsouyanni K, Analitis A, Ross Anderson H, Bisanti L, D'Ippoliti D, Danova J, Forsberg B, Medina S, Paldy A, Rabczenko D, Schindler C & Michelozzi P. 2008. Heat Effects on Mortality in 15 European Cities. Epidemiology, 15: 711-719.</ref>

Meta-analytical percent changes in daily mortality by age-group with 1<sup>o</sup>C increase in daily maximum apparent temperature above the city-specific threshold temperature in European cities in April-September

{| {{prettytable}}
! 
! Mediterranean pooled estimate
! North-continental pooled estimate
|---
! Heat threshold
| 29.4 (25.7-32.4)
| 23.3 (22.5-24.0)
|---
! Age
! colspan="2"| Natural mortality
|---
| 15-64
| 0.92 (-1.92, 3.13)
| 1.31 (-0.94. 3.72)
|---
| 65-74
| 2.13 (-0.42, 4.74)
| 1.65 (-0.5, 3.87)
|---
| 75+
| 4.22 (1.33, 7.20)
| 2.07 (0.24, 3.89)
|---
| All ages
| 3.12 (0.60, 5.72)
| 1.84 (0.06, 3.64)
|---
! Age
! colspan="2"| Cardiovascular mortality
|---
| 15-64
| 0.57 (-2.47 to 3.83)
| 1.04 (-2.20 to 4.92)
|---
| 65-74
| 1.92 (-1.49 to 5.35)
| 1.50 (1.12 to 4.62)
|---
| 75+
| 4.66 (1.13 to 8.18)
| 2.55 (0.24 to 5.51)
|---
| All ages
| 3.70  (0.36 to 7.04)
| 2.44 (0.09 to 5.32)
|---
! Age
! colspan="2"| Respiratory mortality
|---
| 15-64
| 1.54 (-3.68 to 7.22)
| 3.02 (-1.55 to 7.42)
|---
| 65-74
| 3.37 (-1.46 to 8.22)
| 3.90 (-0.16 to 8.92)
|---
| 75+
| 8.10 (3.24 to 13.37)
| 6.62 (3.04 to 11.42))
|---
| All ages
| 6.71 (2.43 to 11.26)
| 6.10 (2.46 to 11.08)
|}

*Meta-analytical estimates are based on studies in the following cities:
**Mediterranean cities: Athens, Rome, Barcelona, Valencia, Turin, Milan, Lubljana
**North-continental cities: Prague, Budapest, Zurich, Paris, Helsinki, Stockholm, London, Dublin
*Based on climate and mortality data for the period 1990-2000
*Exposure assessment: daily maximum apparent outdoor air temperature (nearest airport weather station of each city)

=== Unit ===

%/&#176;C

== Result ==

{{resultlink}}

==See also==
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2759912/ Basu R. 2009. High ambient temperature and mortality: a review of epidemiologic studies from 2001 to 2008. Environ Health. 2009; 8: 40.]

==References==

<references/>